Orange topaz, also known as precious topaz, is the conventional birthstone for November, the symbol of friendship and the state gemstone of the U.S. In cut and polished form, it is used to make jewelry or other adornments. In Europe during the Middle Ages, topaz was believed to enhance mental powers. It was also believed that wearing topaz increased body heat, which would enable people to relieve a cold or fever. During the Middle Ages, it was believed that attaching the topaz to the left arm protected the owner from any curse and warded off the evil eye. The ancient Romans believed that topaz provided protection from danger while traveling. Īn English superstition also held that topaz cured lunacy. However, because these translations as topaz all derive from the Septuagint translation topazi, which referred to a yellow stone that was not topaz, but probably chrysolite ( chrysoberyl or peridot), topaz is likely not meant here. Many English translations of the Bible, including the King James Version, mention topaz. In the Middle Ages, the name topaz was used to refer to any yellow gemstone, but in modern times it denotes only the silicate described above. Nicols, the author of one of the first systematic treatises on minerals and gemstones, dedicated two chapters to the topic in 1652. Alternatively, the word topaz may be related to the Sanskrit word तपस् "tapas", meaning "heat" or "fire". Pliny said that Topazos is a legendary island in the Red Sea and the mineral "topaz" was first mined there. Ancient Sri Lanka ( Tamraparni) exported native oriental topazes to Greece and ancient Egypt, which led to the etymologically related names of the island by Alexander Polyhistor ( Topazius) and the early Egyptians ( Topapwene) – "land of the Topaz". The name topaz was first applied to the mineral now known by that name in 1737. John's Island in the Red Sea which was difficult to find and from which a yellow stone (now believed to be chrysolite: yellowish olivine) was mined in ancient times. The name "topaz" is usually believed to be derived (via Old French: Topace and Latin: Topazius) from the Greek Τοπάζιος (Topázios) or Τοπάζιον (Topázion), from Τοπαζος. It is one of the hardest naturally occurring minerals and has a relatively low index of refraction. The rarest are natural pinks, reds, and delicate golden oranges, sometimes with pink hues. Topaz is often treated with heat or radiation to make it a deep blue, reddish-orange, pale green, pink, or purple.Īlthough it is often associated with golden yellow and blue, it comes in a variety of colors, including colorless. Common topaz in its natural state is colorless, though trace element impurities can make it pale blue or golden brown to yellow orange. It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and other adornments. Topaz is a silicate mineral of aluminium and fluorine with the chemical formula Al 2 Si O 4( F, OH) 2. Weak in thick sections X = yellow Y = yellow, violet, reddish Z = violet, bluish, yellow, pink Playmobil 1.2.Colorless (if there are no impurities), white, blue, brown, orange, gray, yellow, yellowish brown, green, pink, reddish pink or even red ROLE-PLAYING GAMES ACCESSORIES BOOKS CARDS DÉCORS DICE FIGURINES MAGAZINES OCCULTISMĬINEMA AND TELEVISION APPARELS BAGS / LUNCH BOXES BANKS BANNERS / FLAGS CLOCK / ALARM CLOCK FIGURES / STATUES JEWELRY KEYCHAINS MISCELLANEOUS POSTERS TABLEWARESĬLOTHING ACCESSORIES BUTTONS CINEMA / TV SERIES COMICS / CARTOONS DISNEY EUROPEAN COMIC BOOKS GEEK CULTURE (RPG / VIDEO GAMES) MANGA OTHER WALLETSĬOMIC BOOKS CLOTHING FIGURINES / STATUES KEYCHAINS LAMPS MISCELLANEOUS TIE-IN MERCHANDISEĭISHWARE BENTO BOTTLE OPENER BOWLS / PLATES COASTER SETS GLASSWARE MISCELLANEOUS MUGS PLACEMATSĭISNEY DOLLS ORNAMENTS TIE-IN MERCHANDISEĭRINKS AND CANDIES CANDIES CHOCOLATES ENERGY DRINKS GUMS JELLY BEANS MINTS POCKYĮUROPEAN COMIC BOOKS POSTERS AND PRINTS STATUES TIE-IN MERCHANDISEįIGURINES ACCESSORIES CABLE GUY CARTOONS CINEMA / TV SERIES COMICS / SUPERHEROES DISNEY EUROPEAN COMIC BOOKS FANTASY GOLD HISTORY HORROR JAPANESE ANIMATION KEYCHAINS MILITARY MUSIC PAPO PLAY GROUND POP! SCHLEICH VIDEO GAMES VINTAGE PUZZLES 3 DIMENSIONS ACCESSORIES LARGES PIECES RUBIK'S CUBE AND OTHERS SHAPED PUZZLES SPINNERS STANDARD WASGIJ WIRE WOODEN #PALE MOON GX BOX MOVIE# JEWELRY BRACELETS EARRINGS MANGA NECKLACE AND EARRINGS SETS NECKLACES OTHER JEWELRY TYPES PENDANTS RINGS #PALE MOON GX BOX SERIES# MANGA ACCESSORIES BAGS BATH TOWELS CLOTHING COSPLAY DISHES FIGURINES KEYCHAINS MODEL KITS PATCHES PILLOWS AND CUSHIONS PINS POSTERS STATIONARY STUFFED TOYS Draft Box 06 Giant Force Battle Enhanced and Battle Advanced New Player Playmat Dragon Ball Super Advanced Search Digimon KeyForge. POKEMON PALE MOON GX BOX A Never-before-seen Foil Promo TAG TEAM Card A Foil Oversize TAG TEAM Card 4 Pokemon TCG Booster Packs A Code Card for the Pokemon. STATIONERY CALENDARS CELL CHARMS DESK ACCESSORIES GIFT WRAPPING MISCELLANEOUS PENS, PENCILS AND ACC.
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